The Structural Indistinguishability Model of Transcendence (RETM): A Relational Framework for Information-Based Underdetermination
Abstract Claims that some domain of inquiry has reached, or is bounded by, a "transcendent" limit recur across religious discourse, popular science communication, and specialist debates about the foundations of physics, mathematics, and mind. Such claims are typically treated as reports about the world: a boundary is said to exist, and the inquirer is said to have detected it. This article introduces the Structural Indistinguishability Model of Transcendence (RETM), a conceptual-theoretical framework that instead treats transcendence as a relational state of an assessment situation rather than a free-standing property of an object in the world. RETM defines this situation as a quintuplet Ω = ⟨A, τ, D, M, t⟩ — an agent or system A, a task τ, the data D available to A, the model or inferential framework M through which D is interpreted relative to τ, and the time t at which the assessment occurs. Within this relational unit, the article distinguishes three variables that a...